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Coffee Tips

Coffee as a drink, usually served hot, is prepared from theroasted seeds (beans) of the coffeeplant. It is one of mankind's chief sources of the stimulant caffeine.

Because of this, coffee's nutritional benefits are disputed, sometimeslabeled a cure-all, other times labeled a health hazard.

Last Updated - 19th November 2005

CoffeeBuying Tips
Whenpurchasing coffee, always ask when it was roasted. Many common misconceptionsexist when it comes to judging the freshness and optimum time to experiencea roasted coffee at its peak of perfection. Generally coffee is bestif used a day or two after roasting, and if kept in an air-tight container,flavor should not diminish significantly until after seven to ten days.Old coffee beans may appear very oily, will have little or no aroma,or will take on a somewhat unpleasant aroma.

Coffee Storage
Air is a coffee bean's worst enemy. Store ground or whole beans in anairtight container in a cool, dark place - but not in the refrigerator.Do not store next to onions, garlic, or strongly aromatic foods. (Coffeeabsorbs odors.) Freezing protects flavor integrity, so you may freezeexcess beans over longer periods of time. There is no need to thaw beforegrinding.

CoffeeGrinding
Never grind more coffeethan you will use for immediate brewing. Once the beans are ground,the flavorful oils are exposed to the damaging air. As these oils dissipate,so will the flavor of your coffee. Once ground, coffee will begin tolose its flavor almost immediately. Different methods of brewing willrequire different grind consistencies. Typically, coffee used for dripbrewing should be ground to a consistency similar to granulated sugar.The complete drip cycle should occur within four to six minutes. Ifthe drip cycle is completed in less than four minutes, grind your coffeefiner. If the cycle takes longer than six minutes, grind your coffeecoarser. When using a French press, the coffee will need to be groundextremely coarse. Espresso requires an extremely fine grind...almostpowder-like with a slight grittiness. The key to the proper espressogrind is the extraction time. After the proper dose and tamp, one ounceof espresso should be extracted in approximately 25 to 30 seconds. Likedrip coffee, if the one ounce extraction occurs in less than 25 seconds,grind your coffee finer. If the extraction occurs in longer than 30seconds, grind your coffee coarser. Talk to you local coffee professionalfor additional information.

Water
Use only clean, cold tap water, or quality bottled spring water.Do not use mineral water, distilled water, or tap water with an odor.If you are using a manual brewer, use water just off the boil.

DosageTip
When making brewed coffee, allow 2 to 2 1/2 level tablespoons for each6 ounces of water (3 tablespoons for 8 ounces). For espresso, allow7 to 8 grams for a single shot, and 14 to 16 grams for a double shot.

Serving
To prevent coffee from burning or staling, it is recommended leavingit on a warmer no longer than 20 minutes. Use a carafe or thermos tokeep coffee warm. Unlike commercial coffees served scalding hot to maskbitterness. Try re-warming your cup, not the coffee.

Flavoring
The flavoring of coffees is an ancient tradition dating back to 13thcentury nomadic Arab tribesmen who added a pinch of cardamom beforebrewing. Experiment with spices (nutmeg, cinnamon) and flavorings (vanilla,almond) to create your own signature coffees. Or enjoy any of the CoffeeBeanery's delicious blends, hand-flavored still warm from the roaster.

Frenchpress
You will want togrind or have your coffee ground to a very coarse consistency for thismethod. If your grind is too fine, you will over extract your coffeeand a bitter flavor may result. It will also be difficult or impossiblefor you to push the plunger down in your pot if the grind is too fine.Now here is an application for your French press that you probably don'tknow about. Heat a cup of milk in a sauce pan on your stove or in amicrowave. It should be heated just until it is too hot to put yourfinger in it. Don't overheat or you will scald the milk. Next, pourthe milk into your clean, empty French press. Insert the plunger, andpump the plunger up and down like a butter churn for several minutes.The milk will expand and increase in volume by three or four times,creating beautiful frothed milk for cappuccinos and lattes.

Filterdrip
Be sure to use afilter which is designed to fit your filter basket. Bleached white paperfilters are most common, however unbleached brown filter papers areusually available. Permanent gold-plated wire mesh filters also workvery well and are environmentally friendly.

Espressoat home
When selecting a machine for home, look for one that will drivethe water through the coffee with the aid of a pump vs. a steam drivenmachine. A good pump machine will usually cost $200 to $1,000, but theinvestment is worth it if you are serious about enjoying tasty espressoat home. A steam driven machine (the typical $49 model) will not producea palatable product. It is suggest you use an espresso pot if you havea limited budget to invest in equipment. Beautiful milk froth can becreated for cappuccinos with a plunger pot.

Coffeeand Health Issues
Coffee has been studied for more than a century. For every report thatalleges a potential health risk, another may discredit or show benefits.It is generally agreed that pregnant women should limit their coffeeconsumption. Did you know that drinking a cup of coffee can help calman acute attack of asthma? Coffee has many positive effects.

Coffee as a stimulant
Coffee contains caffeine, which acts as a stimulant. For this reason,it is often consumed in the morning, and during working hours. Studentspreparing for examinations with late-night "cram sessions"use coffee to maintain their concentration. Office workers take a "coffeebreak" whenever their energy is diminished.

Recent research has uncovered additional stimulating effects of coffeewhich are not related to the caffeine. Coffee contains an as yet unknownchemical agent which stimulates the production of cortisone and adrenaline,two stimulating hormones.

For occasions when one wants to enjoy the flavor of coffee with lessstimulation, decaffeinated coffee, also called decaf, is available.This is coffee from which most of the caffeine has been removed, bythe swiss water process, which involves the soaking of raw beans toabsorb the caffeine, or the use of a chemical solvent such as trichloroethylene("tri"), or the more popular methylene chloride, in a similarprocess. There are also tisanes that resemble coffee in taste but containno caffeine.

Coffee Benefits

• Coffee increases the effectiveness of pain killers -- especiallymigraine medications -- and can rid some people of asthma.
• Some of the beneficial effects may be restricted to one sex, forinstance it has been shown to reduce suicide for women, and preventgallstones and gallbladder disease in men.
• It also reduces the incidence of diabetes in both sexes, but reducesthe risk by about 30% in women and over 50% in men.
• Coffee can also reduce the incidence of liver cirrhosis and preventcolon and bladder cancers.
• Coffee can reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, a varietyof liver cancer.
• Coffee reduces the incidence of heart disease, though whether thisis simply because it rids your blood of excess fat or because of itsstimulant effect is unknown.
• Coffee has the ability to increase short term recall and increaseIQ.
• It also changes the metabolism of a person so that their body burnsa higher proportion of lipids to carbohydrates, which can help athletesavoid muscle fatigue.

Risks

• Caffeinism, a condition which mimics mental illnesses ranging fromanxiety and bipolar disorder to schizophrenia and even psychosis,is among the more worrisome effects of acute or chronic coffee consumption.
• Many coffee drinkers are familiar with "coffee jitters",a nervous condition that occurs when one has had too much caffeine.
• Coffee can also increase blood pressure among those with high bloodpressure, but follow-up studies showed that coffee still decreasedthe chance of dying from heart disease in the aggregate.
• Coffee can also cause insomnia in some, while paradoxically it helpsa few sleep more soundly
• It can also cause anxiety and irritability, in some with excessivecoffee consumption, and some as a withdrawal symptom.
• There are also sex specific effects, in some PMS sufferers it increasesthe symptoms, and it can reduce fertility in women, also it may increasethe risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, and there may berisks to a fetus if a pregnant woman drinks 8 or more cups a day (48oz or more).
• Decaffienated coffee is occasionally regarded as a potential healthrisk to pregnant women, due to the high incidence of chemical solventsused to extract the caffeine.
• Caffeine is toxic in high enough doses. It is unlikely though, thata toxic dose will be ingested in the form of common drinks. In concentratedforms such as pills or powders it can be taken in sufficient quantitiesto cause vomiting, unconsciousness, and even death. A single box ofcaffeine pills can be fatal if taken at one time.
• The health risks of decaffeinated coffee have been studied, withvarying results. One variable is the type of decaffeination processused; while some involve the use of organic solvents which may leaveresidual traces, others rely on steam.
• A study has shown that cafestol, a substance which is present inboiled coffee drinks, dramatically increases cholesterol levels, especiallyin women. Filtered coffee only contains trace amounts of cafestol.
• Coffee as a fertilizer - Spent coffee grounds are a goodfertilizer in gardens because of their high nitrogen content. Coffeegrounds also contain potassium, phosphorus and many other trace elementsthat aid plant development. Many gardeners report that roses lovecoffee grounds and when furnished with the same become big and colorful.When added to a compost pile, spent coffee grounds compost very rapidly.
• Coffee grounds can be obtained inexpensively (usually free) fromlocal coffee shops. Large coffee shop chains may have a policy ofcomposting coffee grounds or giving them away to those who ask.

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